The impact of COVID-19 mitigation measures on sexual and reproductive health in low- and middle-income countries: a rapid review.

Pandemic mitigation measures can have a negative impact on access and provision of essential healthcare services including sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services. This rapid review looked at the literature on the impact of COVID-19 mitigation measures on SRH and gender-based violence (GBV) on women in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) using WHO rapid review guidance. We looked at relevant literature published in the English language from January 2020 to October 2021 from LMICs using WHO rapid review methods. A total of 114 articles were obtained from PubMed, Google Scholar and grey literature of which 20 met the eligible criteria. Our review found that there was an overall reduction in; (a) uptake of services as shown by lower antenatal, postnatal and family planning clinic attendance, (b) service delivery as shown by reduced health facility deliveries, and post abortion care services and (c) reproductive health outcomes as shown by an increase in incidence of GBV especially intimate partner violence. COVID-19 mitigation measures negatively impact SRH of women in LMICs. Findings from this review could inform policy makers in the health sector to recognise the potential adverse effects of COVID-19 responses on SRH in the country, and therefore implement mitigation measures.

Sexual and reproductive health needs of young women living with perinatally acquired HIV.

BACKGROUND: Increasingly, young women living with perinatally acquired HIV (YWLPaHIV) have transitioned from paediatric to adult services. There remains a paucity of data on the sexual and reproductive health (SRH) needs of YWLPaHIV and their access to youth-friendly care. Amidst healthcare changes due to COVID-19 pandemic restrictions, we explored SRH needs of a cohort of YWLPaHIV. METHODS: Evaluation of SRH needs of YWLPaHIV attending a UK NHS-youth HIV service with data collected from patient records and self-reported questionnaires amongst women attending between July and November 2020 following easing of the first lockdown and reintroduction of in-person appointments. RESULTS: 71 of 112 YWLPaHIV registered at the clinic completed questionnaires during the study period and were included in the analysis. Median age was 23 y (IQR 21-27, range 18-36). 51/71(72%) reported coitarche, average age 17.6 y (IQR 16-18, range 14-24). 24 women reported 47 pregnancies resulting in 16 (34%) HIV-negative live-births, 19 (40%) terminations, 9(19%) miscarriages, with 3 pregnancies ongoing. 31/48(65%) sexually active women reported current contraception: 10 (32%) condoms, 19 (62%) long-acting, and 3(10%) oral contraceptive pill. 18/51(35%) reported a previous sexually transmitted infection; human papillomavirus (HPV) (11), Chlamydia trachomatis (9) and herpes simplex (2). 27/71(38%) women had undergone cervical cytology including 20/28(71%) women aged ≥25 y with abnormalities documented in 29%. HPV vaccination was reported in 83%, with protective hepatitis B titres in 71%. CONCLUSION: High rates of unplanned pregnancy, STIs and cervical abnormalities highlight the continuing SRH needs of YWLPaHIV and requirement for open access to integrated HIV/SRH services despite pandemic restrictions.

Restoring services targeting sexual and reproductive health during the COVID-19 pandemic

The ongoing coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic continues to be a public health emergency of global concern. The findings of the studies have reported that owing to the pandemic, the delivery of essential and emergency sexual and reproductive health-care services has been significantly jeopardized. This has resulted in a considerable rise in the number of episodes of gender-based violence, with the situation being grimmer in settings with poor health systems or among people who are being exposed to some form of humanitarian emergencies. This calls for an indispensable need to improve the delivery of sexual and reproductive health-related services to all women, especially those living in low-resource settings. To conclude, the COVID-19 pandemic has accounted for the disruption of almost all types of health-care services and the same thing has been observed with regard to the delivery of sexual and reproductive health-care needs of women. It is the need of the hour to bridge the existing gap and give adequate priority to the special needs of women, which very much determine their quality of life.

Sexual and reproductive health services access and provision in Cambodia during the COVID-19 pandemic: a mixed-method study of urban-rural differences.

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic pushed governments worldwide to implement unprecedented mitigation measures, including safe-distancing, lockdowns, disruption of non-essential services, border closures and travel restrictions, with both potential to affect rural and urban service-users differently and unintended consequences including reductions in sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services. We aimed to explore rural-urban differences in progress and challenges in SRH services provision in Cambodia, particularly during initial months of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: We used a mixed-methods study design, including a household survey of 423 adolescents and women aged 18-49 and semi-structured interviews with 21 healthcare providers. We analysed survey data using multivariable logistic regression to identify associations between rural-urban setting and contraceptive perceptions or access. We analysed interview data thematically. RESULTS: Rural-urban residence was significantly associated with reported perceptions about and access to contraceptives. Rural participants had higher odds of stating it was possible to change contraceptive methods early in the COVID-19 pandemic, compared with urban participants. Qualitative data showed that although SRH services continued, health-workers faced differential challenges in rural and urban areas, e.g. service-users not attending due to job losses in urban areas and not complying with safe-distancing and mask-wearing requests in rural areas. CONCLUSIONS: COVID-19 and inadequate mitigation responses differentially affected rural and urban SRH service providers and service-users, exacerbating existing socioeconomic stressors while adding new fears of infection, transport constraints, and reduced livelihoods. Added financial support could help mitigate challenges in both rural and urban areas.

Comparative study of feto-maternal outcome of ante-natal cases as per the standard WHO guidelines vs revised antenatal visit schedule during COVID19 pandemic

Background: Good antenatal care helps a woman face labour in good health and optimum conditions. The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) and WHO guidelines suggest 15 visits in the whole pregnancy. Keeping in view the COVID-19 pandemic to reduce the exposure of pregnant ladies the number of antenatal visits was reduced to 7 milestone visits and outcome was noted. This study aimed to do a comparative study of feto-maternal outcome in antenatal cases at our centre using standard WHO protocol vs. revised antenatal protocol during COVID-19 pandemic. Subjects and Method: This was an observational study done at a tertiary care center of an Armed forces hospital with target population as pregnant ladies attending antenatal care Out patient department of the hospital during COVID19 pandemic Vs Antenatal cases in previous 1 year. A comparative analysis of pregnancy outcome, maternal variables during pregnancy and delivery along with neonatal variables was done. Results: There were lesser deliveries by 41.7% as compared to non-COVID times. There was an increase in the caesarean delivery rate and instrumental delivery rate during COVID times by 11% and 53% respectively. There was increase in Vaginal birth after caesarean (VBAC) by 26.6%. The incidence of fetal growth restriction, placental abruption, maternal anaemia and gestational diabetes mellitus, oligohydramnios and polyhydramnios was low. The incidence of spontaneous abortions was also low in our study. In contrast, the incidence of pre-term deliveries doubled from 7.4% to 13.4%. Neonatal morbidity and mortality indicators like Neonatal Intensive care unit (NICU) admissions showed a rising trend of 1.7% during the COVID (14.6% to 16.3%) with a minimal rise in early neonatal deaths by 0.2%. Conclusion: Our model doesn't show an increase in maternal, neonatal morbidity, and mortality. This model can be used as a standard of care for Antenatal patients during Pandemics. It reduces the risk exposure of the gravid mother without any significant increase in maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality.

Identification of obstetric risks in COVID-19 times in a community health area, Ecuador

Introduction: risk factors associated with complications in the mother-child pair include: history of hypertensive disorders, adolescent pregnancy, drug use, unfavorable obstetric history with a background of miscarriages or abortions, sexually transmitted diseases and urinary tract infections. Background: to identify the obstetric risk in times of COVID-19 pandemic at the "Bastion Popular" health area, Guayaquil, Ecuador, from January to June 2021. Method: a descriptive-transversal field research was carried out, with a quantitative approach, which favored the analysis of the obstetric risk categories recorded in the medical history of 117 pregnant women, who signed an informed consent, for the collection of data through home visits, using the obstetric risk scale or score. Results: outcomes assessment showed, as main result, that the most frequent obstetric risk group was the age group 20 to 24 and the high risk factor was the main category identified. Obstetric risk increased proportionally when the interpregnancy interval was reduce. Conclusions: young women between 20 and 24 years of age are those who presented the highest obstetric risk, which is correlate with a higher number of gestations, abortions, deliveries and cesarean sections. Therefore, it is necessary to provide women with information about pregnancy and its complications, so that they are able to identify risk factors during pregnancy, delivery and the puerperium.

Eating habits and nutritional adequacy of the transgender (Hijra) community residing in and around Mumbai

For centuries, the Hijra enjoyed a special respect in the Hindu and Islamic cultures however, over the time, stigmatization took its toll and today the community is pushed to live on extreme societal margin. The present study was undertaken to assess the nutritional status of 304 transgender (Male to Female) residing in and around Mumbai using a mixed method approach. Participants were selected using a purposive sampling technique with the help of three Community Based Organisations (CBOs) working in close association with transgender. Data related to their nutritional status was collected before the pandemic using Food Frequency Questionnaire, 24-hr Recall and anthropometric measurements. Data related to impact of COVID-19 pandemic on food habits of transgender was collected from eight key informants working with CBOs using in-depth telephonic interviews. Results indicated that consumption of calorie dense junk foods was high and that of immunity building micronutrient dense foods such as fruits, vegetables and milk was notably low. Mean intake of macronutrients was adequate but that of micronutrients was lower for the majority. BMI assessment showed that 13 and 49% were underweight and overweight /obese respectively. COVID-19 pandemic further worsened nutritional status. The findings of the study may serve as basis for formulation of effective nutrition intervention programmes for transgender community.

Challenges faced by anesthesiologists during the cesarean section of COVID-19 patients - an observational study

Background: The health-care system has encountered exceptional circumstances, experiencing unique challenges, and manifesting as acute challenges in health-care services due to the spread of COVID-19. Aims and Objectives: The present study aimed to report the difficulties faced by the anesthetists while performing a cesarean section under the subarachnoid block (SAB) in COVID-19 patients at a dedicated COVID Level 3 hospital. Materials and Methods: Twenty healthy anesthetists (six consultants and 14 postgraduate) aged 20-40 years performed 60 elective or emergency cesarean sections of known COVID-19-positive gravida patients aged 20-35 years with no comorbidity and no spine abnormality under the SAB. Anesthetist;s responses to the challenges faced while performing procedures wearing the Level 3 personal protective equipment were recorded using a pre-structure self-administered questionnaire. To quantify the intensity of these problems, all the physical and psychological difficulties were graded as mild, moderate, and severe. Results: In the present study, 75% experienced moderate-to-severe sweating, and 60% experienced moderate-to-severe headaches. A total of 45% experienced moderate-to-severe breathlessness. Though there was little difficulty in communication among doctors and staff, almost 75% of anesthetists faced it. The fear of contracting the disease and spreading it to the family members was expressed by 75-80% of anesthetists. Conclusion: The present scenario has increased physical stress and other psychological problems among health workers. Therefore, hospital support with regular psychological counseling sessions is needed for healthcare workers to cope with the current situation.

"If your mother does not teach you, the world will ": a qualitative study of parent-adolescent communication on sexual and reproductive health issues in Border districts of eastern Uganda.

BACKGROUND: Adolescents experience a host of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) challenges, with detrimental SRH and socio-economic consequences. These include early sexual debut, sexually transmitted infections including HIV/AIDS, teenage pregnancy, and early childbearing. Parent-adolescent communication about SRH has significant potential to reduce adolescents' risky sexual behaviors. However, communication between parents and adolescents is limited. This study explored the facilitators and barriers to parent-adolescent communication about sexual and reproductive health. METHODS: We conducted a qualitative study in the border districts of Busia and Tororo in Eastern Uganda. Data collection entailed 8 Focus Group Discussions comprising of parents, adolescents (10-17 years), and 25 key informants. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and translated into English. Thematic analysis was conducted with the aid of NVIVO 12 software. RESULTS: Participants acknowledged the key role parents play in communicating SRH matters; however, only a few parents engage in such discussions. Facilitators of parent-adolescent communication were: having a good parent-child relationship which makes parents approachable and motivates children to discuss issues openly, a closer bond between mothers and children which is partly attributed to gender roles and expectations eases communication, and having parents with high education making them more knowledgeable and confident when discussing SRH issues with children. However, the discussions are limited by cultural norms that treat parent-child conversations on SRH as a taboo, parents' lack of knowledge, and parents busy work schedules made them unavailable to address pertinent SRH issues. CONCLUSION: Parents' ability to communicate with their children is hindered by cultural barriers, busy work schedules, and a lack of knowledge. Engaging all stakeholders including parents to deconstruct sociocultural norms around adolescent SRH, developing the capacity of parents to confidently initiate and convey accurate SRH information, initiation of SRH discussions at early ages, and integrating parent-adolescent communication into parenting interventions, are potential strategies to improve SRH communication between parents and adolescents in high-risk settings such as borders.

COVID-19 impacts and videoconference healthcare preferences in relation to depression and sexual risk behaviors among young adults assigned female at birth: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Due to decreased access to sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services and an increase in depressive symptoms, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has exacerbated the risk of unsafe sexual behaviors among already vulnerable young adults assigned female at birth (AFAB). Despite its potential for improving SRH outcomes, little is known about how young adults view virtual SRH counseling. We designed a survey to examine these perspectives and further characterize pandemic-associated changes in mood and healthcare access in young adults AFAB. Methods: Patients of a Midwest family planning organization who were AFAB and aged 21-24 years were recruited via convenience sampling between May and September 2021. Participants answered survey questions about how they perceived that the pandemic had affected their mood and healthcare access. The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-8 assessed depressive symptoms. Additional questions probed SRH risk behaviors and experience with and opinions on virtual healthcare and research. Non-responses to questions were not included in analyses. Associations among these variables were analyzed using non-parametric bivariate tests (chi-square and Mann-Whitney U). Results: One hundred twenty people participated in the survey. Participants had a median age of 22 years and self-identified predominantly as female and White. Three-quarters of respondents reported their mood worsened as a result of the pandemic and more than 3 in 10 had depression. Those reporting pandemic-worsened mood had more severe depressive symptoms than those who did not (U=722.500, P=0.005). Most reported sexual intercourse in the past 3 months, nearly all of whom reported at least one SRH risk. Pandemic mood impacts were not associated with SRH risk. One in four participants reported pandemic-associated difficulty accessing healthcare, which was not associated with depression or SRH risk. Most reported comfort with videoconference healthcare, including technology, speaking with a provider, and having enough privacy. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic has increased depression and SRH risk among young adults AFAB and, at the same, impeded their access to healthcare. The study findings suggest that no matter the degree of depression or presence of SRH risk, videoconferencing may be an acceptable option for advancing research and addressing unmet SRH needs in this population.

COVID-19 and Ebola virus disease outbreaks in the Democratic Republic of Congo: adolescents and young people's sexual and reproductive health during public health emergency response

The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) is facing major public health challenges due to series of outbreaks, notably the Ebola Virus disease (EVD). Like other countries of the world, the DRC is also challenged by the new coronavirus pandemic. The confluence of these major outbreaks of the Ebola virus disease and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has affected many interventions within the healthcare sector, consequently challenging the social and economic wellbeing of the people. In the past two and half decades, the DRC has made promising progress in adolescents and young peoples' sexual and reproductive health and rights, although they are limited and uneven. Like other African countries, the government of DRC has instituted measures to respond to these outbreaks, which have led to a shift of priorities in addressing the health challenges. The government diverted resources from their intended needs to curb or control the cases of Ebola virus disease and the COVID-19 pandemic, and this has affected the availability, accessibility and affordability of sexual and reproductive health care services for adolescents and young people. As the DRC decides how best to control the COVID-19 and EVD, it is important to reflect on lessons learned from past outbreaks. The DRC Government and other stakeholders must prioritize adolescents and young people' sexual and reproductive health needs by maintaining the provision and strengthening supply chains of reproductive health information and services during COVID-19 pandemic and EVD epidemic. This commentary provides the rationale and makes a call for greater investment and prioritization of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) needs of adolescents and young people during public health emergencies preparedness and response efforts. © Simon Binezero Mambo et al.

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the use of contraceptive methods, Chile

Introduction: Daily life was affected during the COVID-19 pandemic, so there were difficulties in getting inputs (merchandise, job, services, etc.), and obtaining contraceptives were specifically affected. Aim: describe the impact of the pandemic as regards the use of methods of contraception in women aged 18-23 living in Viña del Mar. Methods: This study is cross-sectional, continuous quantitative, a non-probabilistic sampling denominated "snowball”. Women living in Viña del Mar City were surveyed, and the sample size amounts to 90 persons, with a cohort point ranging from 18 to 23 years. Results: 85 % of surveyed women are students. The more frequently used methods of contraception are the pill and the external condom. During the pandemic (2020, 2021, 2022), 12,87 % of them left their method of contraception, whereas 17,76 % changed it. Conclusion: The pandemic is a determining factor in adherence to methods of contraception. Even though the results we obtained in this study are positive as compared to other pieces of research, it must be considered that interrupting them entails a violation of sexual and reproductive rights, which must be guaranteed despite being in a crisis. © Este es un artículo en acceso abierto.

Changes of trends in contraception in pandemic - a hospital-based study

Background: With the onset of COVID-19 pandemic, the life of humankind had changed a lot. With a change in health-care approach, contraception became a non-essential service and faced a downfall. Aims and Objective: This study objective is to find out the changes in contraceptive usage in a tertiary care center. Materials and Methods: The study is a retrospective observational study, in which contraceptive usage was compared between 2019 and 2020. Data obtained from record section of the institute were used as source. Attendance in Gynecological Outpatient Department, admission in maternity ward, and delivery rates were also compared between 2 years. Results: Total contraceptive usage was decreased by 11.1% in 2020. Long-acting reversible contraceptives or short-acting both types were decreased in 2020, but maximum decrease was barrier method condom by 25.1% and oral contraceptive pills by 24.9%. Hospital maternity ward admission was less by 7% and delivery rates by 2.4%. Only medical termination of pregnancy showed an increased trend in 2020. Conclusion: Pandemic also had caused a toll in family planning, and thus, overall decrease in usage was seen which can be detrimental to population control.

Summary of national data of class A, B and C communicable diseases in China, December 2022

In December 2022 (from 00: 00, 1 December to 24: 00, 31 December), except COVID-19, a total of 278 907 cases of notifiable communicable diseases, including 2 384 deaths, were reported in China (except Hong Kong, Macao Special Administrative Regions and Taiwan Province, the same below). In communicable diseases in class A, no cases and no deaths were reported. In communicable diseases in class B, no cases and no deaths of severe acute respiratory syndrome, poliomyelitis, human infection with highly pathogenic avian influenza virus, diphtheria and human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus were reported. For the remaining 21 communicable diseases except COVID-19 in class B, a total of 148 573 cases were reported, a decrease of 29% compared with last month (210 178 cases) and a decrease of 46% compared with the same period in 2021 (273 361 cases). The first 5 diseases in terms of reported case number were viral hepatitis, pulmonary tuberculosis, syphilis, gonorrhea and AIDS, accounting for 96% of the total reported cases in class B. A total of 2 384 deaths were reported, an increase of 28% (521 deaths) compared with last month (1 863 deaths) and a decrease of 14% compared with the same period in 2021 (2 763 deaths). In class C communicable diseases, a total of 130 334 cases were reported, a decrease of 33% compared with last month (195 072 cases) and a decrease of 69% compared with the same period in 2021 (420 015 cases). The first 3 diseases in terms of reported case number were influenza, other infectious diarrhea, and hand foot and mouth disease (HFMD), accounting for 96% of the total reported cases in class C. Compared with last month, except filariasis which had no incidence, the reported case number of leprosy was same, and the disease with reported case increase was echinococcosis (47 cases, 48%), the reported cases of other diseases all decreased, the first 3 diseases with reported case decreases were HFMD (22 886 cases, 45%), other infectious diarrhea (21 962 cases, 43%) and influenza (14 775 cases, 18%). Compared with the same period in 2021, except filariasis which had no incidence, the reported cases of other diseases all decreased, the first 3 diseases with reported case decreases were influenza (181 158 cases, 73%), other infectious diarrhea (53 502 cases, 65%) and HFMD (46 674 cases, 63%). No death caused by class C communicable disease was reported, same to last month and a decrease of 7 deaths compared with the same period in 2021 (7 deaths).

Special Issue: Mutagenic factors in the environment impacting human and animal health. (Special Issue: Mutagenic factors in the environment impacting human and animal health.)

This special issue includes 15 articles that discuss the mutagenic effect of tobacco smoke on male fertility;environmental and occupational exposure of metals and female reproductive health;free radical biology in neurological manifestations;paternal factors in recurrent pregnancy loss;mechanical dependency of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone (RAAS) axis;a perspective review on medicinal plant resources for their antimutagenic potentials;asystematic review and meta-analysis of the impacts of glyphosate on the reproductive hormones;impact of ginseng on neurotoxicity induced by cisplatin in rats.

Childbirth experience of mothers in COVID times

Background: The present study aims to understand the perceptions, apprehensions, and fears of peripartum COVID-positive women in low-resource settings. Study design: Cross-sectional observational study. Methodology: All COVID-positive postpartum women who delivered in the institution (vaginal delivery and cesarean section) were included in the study. Exclusion criteria included ICU admission and known mental illness. Results: A total of 61 COVID-positive women delivered in the facility during the study period. About 33 out of 61 women were nulliparous, while 28 were multigravida. Two babies tested positive for COVID-19 within 24 hours of birth. Majority of the patients were anxious prior to coming to hospital (51/61, i.e., 83.6%). The most common perceived fear reported by patients was fear of not receiving support from partner and provider (80%). Due to restrictions imposed on birth companion, 80% (49/61) women feared loneliness during labor. Apprehension of not receiving respectful maternity care was experienced by 75.4% (46/61) of women. Only 16 (26.2%) patients feared progression of disease, and 32 women (52%) were afraid of infection being transmitted to baby. However, 85% of the women reported a positive birthing experience. Good support from the family was observed in 76% of women. Despite regular visits by the doctors, eight patients (13%) felt a lack of connect due to the prevailing situation. Inability to celebrate joyful moments with family, neonatal separation, and delay in discharge were the major causes of discontent among the postpartum women. Conclusion: The study shows that the excitement and joy of pregnancy and delivery in pre-COVID times has been replaced by fear, anxiety, and uncertainty in this COVID era. Strategies, like good communication and provision of adequate support, may be particularly useful to help these women have a positive birthing experience.

Impact of "COVID-19" lockdown on male sexual behavior in Egyptian sample

Objective: To assess the changes in the sexual behavior of Egyptian married men during the COVID-19 lockdown period. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, the sexual behavior of 164 Egyptian married men was examined through an online questionnaire, designed by the authors, and uploaded to strictly male social media groups using Google Forms. The questionnaire included demographic and clinical variables about age, stress level about COVID-19, fear of infection during sexual relations and also compared sexual behavior before the COVID-19 lockdown. Results: 39.17% of the sample reported decrease in sexual desire, 28.05% reported decrease in sexual frequency, 17.68% reported decrease in sexual satisfaction and 22% reported fear of infection with COVID-19 during sexual relations. Severe stress about COVID-19, increased rate of marital conflicts and fear of infection with COVID-19 during sexual relations were significantly associated with decreased sexual desire, frequency and satisfaction. Conclusions: This study demonstrated severe stress about COVID-19, increased rate of marital conflict and fear of infection with COVID-19 during sexual activity, all of which were significantly associated with decreased levels of sexual desire, frequency and satisfaction respectively among married Egyptian men during the COVID-19 lockdown period. Promoting education to manage stress, decreasing marital conflicts and the correction of the mistaken belief that COVID-19 is a sexually transmitted disease is highly important to promote healthy sexual relations during the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown period.

Knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding the prevention of COVID-19 in women of reproductive age in Qom, Iran

Background and Objectives: With the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the health of women of reproductive age has become more important. This study aims to investigate the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) regarding the COVID-19 prevention in women of reproductive age in Qom, Iran Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 264 women of reproductive age in Qom in 2020. Data collection was done by an online KAP questionnaire measuring demographic characteristics, knowledge, attitude and practice of women. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean, frequency, and percentage) and inferential statistics (independent t-test, ANOVA). The significance level was set at 0.05. Results: The mean..SD age of women was 28.28..7.2 years. Among women, 218 had university education (82.6%), 175 were married (66.3%), 87 were housewives (33%), 123 (46.6%) had a history of COVID-19 infection in relatives or family members. There was a direct and significant relationship between knowledge and attitude, between knowledge and practice, and between attitude and practice regarding the prevention of COVID-19 (P<0.05). The KAP scores of women were at a good level. There was a significant relationship between knowledge and age, between attitude and educational level, and between practice and occupation (P<0.05) Conclusion: The KAP of women of reproductive age in Qom regarding the prevention of COVID-19 is acceptable. Considering the prevalence of COVID-19 and the importance of health in women of reproductive age, the results can be used in designing health interventions for these women.